Volume 2 – Handbook #II: Glossary & “Terms of Art” Definitions – Page 2
For new readers:
Please read the “Pinned Post” at the top of this Substack’s Home Page, and titled Why Use Public Peer-Review to Write a Book? - “See for Yourself”.
For returning readers & subscribers:
This post presents Page 2 for the “Terms-of-Art” definitions as shown below:
Volume 2 – Handbook #II: Glossary & “Terms of Art” Definitions – Page 2
Association
- Statistical research design, d-family, based on categorizing variables based on their association, and using tools such as correlations and “Regressions”.
Axioms, Assumptions & Hypotheses
- The methodological focus of these workbooks: Looking for the foundational “Axioms, Assumptions & Hypotheses” that support the findings of a research paper to qualify & quantify how their range of valid applications, “Statistical Significance” as well as “Practical Significance”.
- “Axioms, Assumptions & Hypotheses” define the knowable limits of the “Small Worlds” for Gödelian logical, thus tautological, statements based on “Deductive Inference”, as contrasted with the unknowable limits of the “Large World” for Popperian falsifiable, thus innovative, statements based on “Inductive Inference”.
- One of the eight levels of analysis in the Template for Reading Research Papers: (i) “Perspective”, (ii) Scientific “Domain”, (iii) “Historical “Lineage”, (iv) “Purpose”, (v) “Methodology”, (vi) “Methods”, (vii) “Axioms, Assumptions & Hypotheses”, and (viii) “Meaning”.
Banality of Evil
- Expression created by Hannah Arendt to describe her observations as a reporter during the Eichmann Trial in Jerusalem in the early 1960s. This expression means that ordinary people that become obedient to authority in siloed bureaucracies, thus “Willfully Ignorant”, behave in ways that can result in extraordinary evil. This pattern has been further documented by Dmitry Chernov & Didier Sornette ‘s studies of institutional risk management.
Bandes Dessinees
- Hard-back French graphic novels
Bandits (the)
- One of the four types of people in Carlo Cipolla’s essay “The Basic Laws of Human Stupidity”. This label of “Bandits” defines individuals whose behavior benefits themselves but damages others, placing them in the lower-right quadrant of Cipolla’s chart.
Belief (Belief, Knowledge & Wonder)
- James Carse makes the distinction between (i) “Ordinary Ignorance” based on limited “Knowledge”, (ii) “Willful Ignorance” based on “Belief”, and (iii) “Awakened Ignorance” based on “Wonder”. Further, Carse makes the point that “Belief” comes from deciding that some unknowns have become known, and/or that some knowns have become unknowns.
Bias
- A measure of systematic distance from the benchmark value, and one of the components of the second view of “Accuracy”.
Big Data
- Large databases as well as the application of “Statistical AI” to large databases
Bounded Rationality
- Expression created by Herbert Simon to describe real-life deicision-making by individuals living in the “Large World”, thus “Satisticing” inductively due to empirical “Process” limitations rather than “Optimizing” deductively based on “Small Worlds” theoretical “Tools” requiring perfect “Knowledge”.
Brains
- Rodolfo Llinás shows that “Brains” evolved to manage “Motions” with “Predictions”.
“CTRI by Francois Gadenne” writes a book in three volumes, published at the rate of one two-pages section per day on Substack for public peer-review. The book connects the dots of life-enhancing practices for the next generation, free of controlling algorithms, based on the lifetime experience of a retirement age entrepreneur, & continuously updated with insights from reading Wealth, Health, & Statistics (i.e. AI/ML/LLM) research papers on behalf of large companies as the co-founder of CTRI.